AMC2 SPO.IDE.H.145 Flight data recorder

CAA ORS9 Decision No. 1

OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR HELICOPTERS HAVING AN MCTOM OF MORE THAN 3 175 KG AND FIRST ISSUED WITH AN INDIVIDUAL CofA ON OR AFTER 1 JANUARY 2023

(a) The operational performance requirements for flight data recorders (FDRs) should be those laid down in EUROCAE Document 112A (Minimum Operational Performance Specification for Crash Protected Airborne Recorder Systems) dated September 2013, or any later equivalent standard produced by EUROCAE.

(b) The FDR should, with reference to a timescale, record:

(1) the list of parameters in Table 1 below;

(2) the additional parameters listed in Table 2 below, when the information data source for the parameter is used by helicopter systems or is available on the instrument panel for use by the flight crew to operate the helicopter; and

(3) any dedicated parameters related to novel or unique design or operational characteristics of the helicopter as determined by the CAA.

(c) The parameters to be recorded should meet the performance specifications (range, sampling intervals, accuracy limits and resolution in read-out) as defined in the relevant tables of EUROCAE Document 112A, or any later equivalent standard produced by EUROCAE.

Table 1: FDR — All helicopters

	No*	Parameter
	1	Time or relative time count
	2	Pressure altitude
	3	Indicated airspeed or calibrated airspeed
	4	Heading
	5	Normal acceleration
	6	Pitch attitude
	7	Roll attitude
	8	Manual radio transmission keying CVR/FDR synchronisation reference
	9	Power on each engine:
	9a	Free power turbine speed (N_F)
	9b	Engine torque
	9c	Engine gas generator speed (N_G)
	9d	Flight crew compartment power control position
	9e	Other parameters to enable engine power to be determined
	10 10a 10b	Rotor: Main rotor speed Rotor brake (if installed)
11 11a 11b 11c 11d 11e 11f			Primary flight controls — pilot input or control output position if it is possible to derive either the control input or the control movement (one from the other) for all modes of operation and flight regimes. Otherwise, pilot input and control output position Collective pitch Longitudinal cyclic pitch Lateral cyclic pitch Tail rotor pedal Controllable stabilator (if applicable) Hydraulic selection
12			Hydraulics low pressure (each system should be recorded)
13			Outside air temperature
18			Yaw rate or yaw acceleration
20			Longitudinal acceleration (body axis)
21			Lateral acceleration
25			Marker beacon passage
26			Warnings — including master warning, gearbox low oil pressure and stability augmentation system failure, and other ‘red’ warnings where the warning condition cannot be determined from other parameters or from the cockpit voice recorder.
27			Each navigation receiver frequency selection
37			Engine control modes

* The number in the left-hand column reflects the serial numbers depicted in EUROCAE Document 112A.

Table 2: Helicopters for which the data source for the parameter is either used by the helicopter systems or is available on the instrument panel for use by the flight crew to operate the helicopter

No^*	Parameter
14	AFCS mode and engagement status (showing which systems are engaged and which primary modes are controlling the flight path)
15	Stability augmentation system engagement (each system should be recorded)
16	Main gear box oil pressure
17 17a 17b 17c	Gear box oil temperature: Main gear box oil temperature Intermediate gear box oil temperature Tail rotor gear box oil temperature
19	Indicated sling load force (if signals readily available)
22	Radio altitude
23 23a 23b 23c	Vertical deviation — the approach aid in use should be recorded: ILS glide path MLS elevation GNSS approach path
24 24a 24b 24c	Horizontal deviation — the approach aid in use should be recorded: ILS localiser MLS azimuth GNSS approach path
28	DME 1 & 2 distances
29 29a 29b 29c	Navigation data: Drift angle Wind speed Wind direction
29d 29e 29f	Latitude Longitude Ground speed
30	Landing gear or gear selector position
31	Engine exhaust gas temperature (T₄)
32	Turbine inlet temperature (TIT)/interstage turbine temperature (ITT)
33	Fuel contents
34	Altitude rate (vertical speed) — only necessary when available from cockpit instruments
35	Ice detection
36	Helicopter health and usage monitor system (HUMS):
36a	Engine data
36b	Chip detector
36c	Track timing
36d	Exceedance discretes
36e	Broadband average engine vibration
38 38a 38b	Selected barometric setting — to be recorded for helicopters where the parameter is displayed electronically: Pilot Co-pilot
39	Selected altitude (all pilot selectable modes of operation) — to be recorded for the helicopters where the parameter is displayed electronically.
40	Selected speed (all pilot selectable modes of operation) — to be recorded for the helicopters where the parameter is displayed electronically.
41	Selected Mach (all pilot selectable modes of operation) — to be recorded for the helicopters where the parameter is displayed electronically.
42	Parameter
43	Selected vertical speed (all pilot selectable modes of operation) — to be recorded for the helicopters where the parameter is displayed electronically.
44	Selected heading (all pilot selectable modes of operation) — to be recorded for the helicopters where the parameter is displayed electronically.
45	Selected flight path (all pilot selectable modes of operation) — to be recorded for the helicopters where the parameter is displayed electronically.
46 46a 46b	EFIS display format (showing the display system status): Pilot First officer Selected decision height (all pilot selectable modes of operation) — to be recorded for the helicopters where the parameter is displayed electronically.
46
47	Multi-function/engine/alerts display format (showing the display system status)
48	Event marker
49	Status of ground proximity warning system (GPWS)/terrain awareness warning system (TAWS)/ground collision avoidance system (GCAS): Selection of terrain display mode including pop-up display status — for helicopters type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification. Terrain alerts, both cautions and warnings, and advisories — for helicopters type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification. On/off switch position — for helicopters type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification.
49a
49b
49c
50 50a	Traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS)/airborne collision avoidance system (ACAS): Combined control — for helicopters type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does notrequire extensive modification.
50b 50c 50d 50e	Vertical control — for helicopters type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification. Up advisory — for helicopters type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification. Down advisory — for helicopters type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification. Sensitivity level — for helicopters type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification.
51 51a 51b 51c 51d	Primary flight controls — pilot input forces: Collective pitch — for helicopters type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification. Longitudinal cyclic pitch — for helicopters type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification. Lateral cyclic pitch — for helicopters type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification. Tail rotor pedal – for helicopters type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification.
52	Computed centre of gravity — for helicopters type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification.
53	Helicopter computed weight — for helicopters type certified before 1 January 2023, to be recorded only if this does not require extensive modification.

* The number in the left-hand column reflects the serial numbers depicted in EUROCAE Document 112A.